ANATOMY

                        (2) HUMAN  ANATOMY

(i)                 Goal  :

The  broad  goal  of the teaching  anatomy to  undergraduate students aims at providing  comprehensive  knowledge  of the gross and  micriscopic  structure  and  development  of human body to  provide  a basis for  understanding  the clinical  correlation  of organs  or  structures  involved  and the anatomical  basis  for the disease  presentations.

(ii)               Objectives :

(A)             Knowledge :

At  the end of  the course the  student shall  be able  to

a)Comprehend the normal disposition, clinically relevant interrelationships,  functional  and cross  sectional anaromy of the various  structures in  the body;

b)Identify  the microscopic  structure and  correlate  elementary ultrastructure  of various  organs  and tissues and  correlate the structure with  the functions  as  a prerequisite for understanding the altered  state in various disease  processes;

c)Comprehend the basic  structure  and connections  of the Central nervous system to analyse  the integrative  and  regulative functions of the organs and  systems.   Locate  the site  of  gross  lessions according  to  the defects  encountered;

d)Demonstrate  knowledge  of the  basic principles and sequential development of the organs and systems,  recognise the critical stages of development and the effect of  common  teratogens, genetic  mutations and environmental hazards, understands  the developmenal  basis of  the major variations  and abnormalities.

(B)              Skills :

At  the  end of  the  course  the   student  shall  be able to :

A)Identify  and  locate   all  the structures of the body and mark   the  topography  of  the living  anatomy;

b)Identify the organs  and  tissues  under  the microscope;

c)understand the principles of karyotyping and identify  the  gross  congenital anomalies;

d)understand principles  of newer imaging techniques  and interpretation of   computerised  Tomography(CT) Scan, sonogram etc.

e)understand  clinical basis  of some common clinical procedures i.e intramuscular and  intravenous injection,  lumbar puncture kidney biopsy etc.

(C)              Integration :

Integrated  teaching of  basic  sciences  with  references to clinical medicine.

III)TOPICS  FOR INTEGRATED TEACHING :

1. Femoral   Sheath – femoral Hernia

2.Lymphatic drainage of Lower Limb

3.Inguinal  Hernia

4.Ischio-rectal fossa

5.Extra  Hepatic  biliary  apparatus.

6.Porto- systemic  Anastomoses

7.Diametres of the plevis and its applied Anatomy

8.Supports of Uterus

9.Thyroid Gland

10.Mammary Gland

11.Fascial Spaces of Hand

12.Coronary  Arterises

NOTE :- A minimum of Five  topics each, covering 2  hours are to be taught  in  a  year.

The Vice Principal(Academic)of the institution will be the co-ordinator for  the integrated  teaching  programme.

SYLLABUS  OF ANATOMY

IV)             THEORY :

SI.No.               Name  of the Unit                             No.of Hours

1.                       Introduction                                                              1

II.                      Descriptive terms                                                   1

III.                     General Anatomy                                                       5

IV.                    General Embryology                                       12

V.                       Systemic  Embryology                                      

            i)a)Muscle, bone-skin,&  its appendages

               b)Development of mammary gland                           5

            ii)a)Cardio-Vascular system including hear                        15

                b)Lymphatic  system                                                 1

            iii)Brachial  Arches  and  Pouchers                               5

            iv)Gastro intestinal system and associated glands            8

            v)Development  of face, palate & teeth                                    3

            vi)Respiratory  system                                                 1

            vii)Genito Urinary system                                                 8

VI.                Histology                                                     

              i) General Histology                                                      10

            ii)  Systemic  Histology                                                      20

                        VII.            Neuro  Anatomy                                                         20

                        VIII.          Human Genetics                                                          10

1.      Introduction

2.      Mitosis and  Meiosis

3.      Normal Chromosomal  Pattern

4.      Mutation

5.      Culture  of Chromosomes(Karyotyping)

6.      Abnormalities of  Chromosomes

(Numerical and Structure )

7.      Linkage,

8.      Blood  groups

TOTAL                                                            125

IV.              LECTURE  DEMONSTRATIONS/GROUP       DISCUSSIONS/TUTORIALS/SEMINARS

The   following is the  distribution  of classes –

1.                  Upper  Extremity

Osteology                                                            10

Soft Parts                                                            10

2.                  Lower Extremity

Osteology                                                            10

                                                Soft  parts                                                    10

3.                  Head &  Neck

Osteology                                                            30

Soft parts                                                            30

4.                  Abdomen &  Pelvis                                                  4

Soft parts                                                            21

5.                  Thorax

Osteology                                                            10

Soft  parts                                                            10

                                    6.            A maximum  of two seminers               8

                                                of  two  hours duration for each

                                                semester.

                                                Total                                                               153

V.                Practicals  should aim at  familiarizing  student  with

Introduction :

            Gross  Anatomy  of the whole  body with more  stress on location, position, surface  anatomy  and important relations of the various  organs and other  structures.  Each students  has  to duissect whole human  body  ignoring  minor  details which  arenot  important clinically  and stressing  more on  applied  aspect.  The total  number  of  dissection  hours for  each region  is fixed  as follows  and the student  has to  finish  the dissection within  the  stipulated   period.

Dissection :

SI.No. Name  of the Unit                                                No.of Practicals

1.            Upper  Extremity                                                            25

2.            Lower  Extremity                                                            25

3.            Thorax                                                                        20

4.            Head  and Neck                                                            45

5.            Abdoment & Pelvis                                                            45

6.            Brain and  spinal  cord                                                25

                        TOTAL                                                            185

NOTE:-  Each Practical  class  is of 2 hours duration 185x2=370hrs,

HISTOLOGY:

The  total  number  of  practicals  in histology  is 35 of  each  2 hoursduration.

a)General  Histology                                    12  Practicals

b)Systemic  Histology                                    12  Practicals

The students  are to  be  sent  in  batches  to Histology  practicals from  the  Dissection  Hall.

The  List of Practicals   vide  Annexure –I(A)

GENETICS :

Practicals  in   Genetics  -            3  Practicals

List  of  Practicals  vide  A            nnexure –I ©

ANNEXURE – I (A)

LIST OF HISTOLOGY SLIDES

I.                    GENERAL

1. Simple  Epithelia                        -            Squamous

-                     Cuboidal

-                     Columnar

-                     Pseudo stratified ciliated & columnar

2.Compound                                    -            Ureter

-                     Oesophagus

-                     Skin

3.Connective Tissue:            1.Loose areolar connective tissue

                                                2.Adipose  tissue

                                                3.Cartilage – Hyaline Cartialage

-                     White fibro cartilage

-                     Elastic cartilage

4.Bone   -              TS/LS

5.Muscles  -            Plain

-                     Skeletal

-                     Cardiac

6. Lympth gland

                                                                        7.Thymus

                                                                        8. Tonsil

                                                                        9. Spleen

                                                                        10.Artery – Medium size

                                                                        11.Aorta

                                                                        12.Vein-Inferior vena cava

                                                                        13.Neuron – Multipolar

                                                                        14.Peripheral  nerve

                        II.SYSTEMIC

1.      Trachea

2.      Lung

3.      Serous  Salivary Gland

4.      Mucous Salivary Gland

5.      Mixed  Salivary Gland

6.      Tongue

7.      Tooth

8.      Oesophagus

9.      Stomach-Fundus

10.  Stomach – Pylorus

11.  Duodenum

12.  Jejunum

13.  Lleum

14.  Colon-Large Intestine

15.  Vermiform Appendix

16.  Liver

17.  Pancreas

18.  Gall  bladder

19.  Kidney

20.  Ureter

21.  Urinary bladder

22.  Ovary

23.  Fallopian  tube

24.  Uterus

25.  Placenta

26.  Mammary gland

27.  Testis

28.  Epididymis

29.  Vas deference

30.  Prostate

31.  Thyroid

32.  Hypophysis cerbri

33.  Supra-renal gland

34.  Cerebrum

35.  Cerbellum

36.  Spinal cord

37.  Cornea

38.  Retina

ANNEXURE – (B)

KARYOTYPING  OF  NORMAL  MALE  AND  FEMALE AND SOME GENETIC DISORDERS  AND PHOTOGRAPHS

1.Male  karyo typing

2.Female Karyo typing

3.Down’s Syndrome – 21 Trisomy

4.Tuner’s synddrome            45 – XO

5.Klinefelter’s Synd.rome            47 – XXY

6.Super Female                        47 -  XXX

7.Sex-Chromatin (Barr Body)

VII  Demarkation  of  Syllabus  for  University Exam  betwee

PAPER  I &  PAPER – II

PAPER-I

Portions                        :            Upper Extremity

                                                Head  and Neck

                                                Brain  and  Spinall  cord

                                                General  Histology

                                                General  Embryology                                                                                    Systemic  Embryology, concerned with

                                                Head and  Neck and Brain.

PAPER – II

Portions                        :            Lower Extremity

                                                Thorax

                                                Abdomen, Pelvis

                                                Systemic Histology and Embryology

                                                Concerned  with Thorax, Abdomen and

                                                Pelvis  Genetics

                                                General Anatomy

BOOKS  RECOMMENDED:

1.Text book of Anatomy by  T.S.Ranganathan

2.Embryology by Inderbir Singh

3.Baily’s Text book of Histology

4.Cunningham’s dissection mannuals.

                        REFERENCE  BOOKS :

                        1.Gray’s  Anatomy.

                        2.EMBRYOLOGY  BY Hamilton & Mossman.

Under First Professional MBBS, Community Medicine to be covered is 

1)COMMUNITY MEDICINE

                        Total hours for  teaching and  training  in community  medicine are   60.

            1.Lecturers/Demonstrations/Seminars/Group Discussions

               The  following topics to be covered :

            1)Concept  of community  Medicine

            2)National  Health  Polciy and Health  for all as National  Goal

            3)Demography

            4)Health  Economics

            5)Medical Sociology

            6)Hospital Management

            7)Behaviour  Sciences

            8)Psychology

            The above  topics to be  covered in  30   hours.

            II. Practicals /  Field  visits :

            1) Visit to  PHC  for  1   day

            2) Visit to Subscentre and   village –1  day

            3) Visit to Urban  Health Centre  and other  Health  care

                        providers (ICDS) -  1  day

            4)Visit to  Hospitals  -  1  day

            The  above  practical and  field  visits  covered in/about  30  hours.

            NOTE :-

1)The teaching  and  training  in community medicines shall  be arranged  by  the  department of  community medicine  in  consultation with pre-clinical depattments at institutional level.

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ANTI RAGGING ACT

STANDING ORDERS ON PUNISHMENT FOR USE OF UNFAIR MEANS  

ADDENDUM